What are the main uses of 4-Fluorobenzenethiol?

4-Fluorobenzenethiol is an organic compound with a colorless to pale yellow liquid and a special odor. The main uses of this compound are as follows:

First, it plays a significant role in the field of organic synthesis. As a key intermediate in organic synthesis, 4-Fluorobenzenethiol can participate in many chemical reactions. Taking nucleophilic substitution reactions as an example, its thiol group activity is quite high, and it can undergo nucleophilic substitution with many compounds such as halogenated hydrocarbons and acyl halides. Through such reactions, diverse sulfur-containing organic compounds such as thioethers and thioesters can be constructed. This property allows chemists to use 4-Fluorobenzenethiol as a starting material to carefully design and synthesize complex organic molecules with specific structures and functions, which are widely used in pharmaceutical chemistry, materials science and other fields.

Second, it has made outstanding contributions to drug research and development. Due to its unique chemical structure and reactivity, 4-Fluorobenzenethiol can become a key structural fragment in the design of drug molecules. Fluorobenzenethiol often has unique physicochemical properties and biological activities in drugs, such as improving the lipid solubility of drugs and enhancing metabolic stability. The fluorine atom in 4-Fluorobenzenethiol cooperates with the thiol group, or endows the synthesized drug molecule with better bioavailability, higher receptor affinity and stronger biological activity. Therefore, in the process of new drug development, it is often regarded as an important structural unit for the design and optimization of drug lead compounds.

Third, it also has important applications in the field of materials science. 4-Fluorobenzenethiol can be used to modify the surface of materials, and its thiol group can self-assemble to form a monolayer on the metal surface through the strong interaction with the metal surface. This self-assembled monolayer can effectively regulate the properties of the material surface, such as wettability, surface charge, biocompatibility, etc. For example, in the preparation of sensors, the electrode surface modified by 4-Fluorobenzenethiol may improve the selectivity and sensitivity of the sensor to specific analytes; in the field of biomedical materials, such modifications on the surface of materials may improve the compatibility of materials with biological tissues and reduce the risk of immune reactions.

What are the physical properties of 4-Fluorobenzenethiol?

4 - Fluorobenzenethiol, Chinese name 4 - Fluorobenzenethiol, is a kind of organic compound. Its physical properties are unique and are described as follows:

Looking at its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 4 - Fluorobenzenethiol is usually in the state of a colorless to light yellow liquid, just like warm amber, clear and translucent.

Smell its smell, it has a strong and pungent odor, like a rancid sulfur smell, which makes people frown. This smell is easily diffused in the air, and even very small amounts can be keenly sensed.

In terms of its melting point, it is about -25 ° C, just like thin ice in winter, which melts when warm. This property allows it to maintain a liquid state and good fluidity in a lower temperature environment.

Its boiling point is between 194 and 196 ° C, just like the boiling of water needs to reach 100 ° C, 4-fluorothiophenol needs to reach such a high temperature to transform into a gaseous state, showing its transition from liquid to gas.

In terms of density, it is about 1.188g/cm ³, which is slightly heavier than water. It is like a stable stone, which slowly sinks when placed in water.

Solubility is also an important physical property. 4-Fluorothiophenol is slightly soluble in water, just like oil droplets entering water, and it is difficult to blend; however, in organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, benzene, etc., it has good solubility and can be miscible with it, just like water and emulsion, uniformly dispersed.

In addition, 4-fluorothiophenol can be used as a key intermediate in many organic synthesis reactions due to its chemical properties containing thiophenol groups, and occupies a pivotal position in the field of organic chemistry.

What is the chemistry of 4-Fluorobenzenethiol?

4-Fluorobenzenethiol, or 4-fluorothiophenol, is a family of organic compounds with unique chemical properties and considerable research value.

The core of this compound is a benzene ring. On the benzene ring, there is one fluorine atom and one thiol group. Fluorine atoms have strong electronegativity, which can affect the electron cloud distribution of the benzene ring, causing the electron cloud density of the benzene ring to change. This change not only affects the reactivity of the benzene ring itself, but also affects the thiol groups connected to it.

Thiol group (-SH) is the key to the chemical properties of 4-fluorothiophenol. Its hydrogen atom is active and easy to dissociate, making 4-fluorothiophenol exhibit a certain acidity. Although it is less acidic than common carboxylic acids, under certain conditions, it can still react with bases to form corresponding salts.

The sulfur atom of 4-fluorophenylthiophenol is rich in lone pair electrons, resulting in its nucleophilicity. With this property, it can carry out nucleophilic substitution reactions with many electrophilic reagents. For example, when it encounters halogenated hydrocarbons, sulfur atoms will attack the carbon atoms of halogenated hydrocarbons, and the halogen atoms will leave to form new sulfur-containing organic compounds. This reaction is widely used in the field of organic synthesis and is often an effective means to construct carbon-sulfur bonds.

Because of the benzene ring, 4-fluorophenylthiophenol can participate in the electrophilic substitution reaction of aromatics. In view of the influence of fluorine atoms and thiol groups on the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, the localization effect of such reactions is quite special. Generally speaking, thiol groups are ortho-and para-localization groups, and fluorine atoms also have a certain localization effect. The two work together to determine the position of the electrophilic reagent to attack the benzene ring.

In addition, the thiol groups of 4-fluorothiophenol are easily oxidized. Under mild oxidation conditions, it can be converted into disulfide bonds (-S-S -) to form corresponding disulfides. If the oxidation conditions are severe, the sulfur atoms may be further oxidized to form sulfoxides (-SO-) and even sulfones (-SO2-).

To sum up, 4-fluorothiophenol has rich and diverse chemical properties due to the existence of fluorine atoms and thiol groups, and has potential applications in many fields such as organic synthesis and materials science.

What are 4-Fluorobenzenethiol synthesis methods?

There are several common methods for synthesizing 4-fluorobromothiophenol.

First, 4-fluorobromobenzene is used as the starting material. In the reaction vessel, an appropriate amount of metal magnesium is first placed, a small amount of iodine is added to initiate the reaction, and then an anhydrous ether solution of 4-fluorobromobenzene is slowly added dropwise to form Grignard's reagent. After that, hydrogen sulfide gas is introduced into the Grignard's reagent, and 4-fluorobromothiophenol can be obtained by reacting at an appropriate temperature and time. This process requires strict control of the anhydrous and anaerobic environment. Because Grignard's reagent is extremely active, it is prone to side reactions in contact with water or oxygen, resulting < Br >
Second, starting from 4-fluoronitrobenzene. First, 4-fluoronitrobenzene is reduced to 4-fluoroaniline, which is a commonly used reducing agent such as iron and hydrochloric acid. After obtaining 4-fluoroaniline, it reacts with ammonium thiocyanate to form 4-fluorophenyl thiourea. Then the product is treated with strong acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, which can be converted into 4-fluorothiophenol by hydrolysis reaction. The process steps are slightly complicated, but the raw materials are relatively easy to obtain and have certain applications in industrial production.

Third, 4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride is used as the raw material. In an appropriate organic solvent, a reducing agent, such as zinc powder and hydrochloric acid, is added to gradually reduce 4-fluorobenzene sulfonyl chloride to 4-fluorobenzene thiophenol. The reaction conditions are relatively mild and the operation is relatively simple. However, attention should be paid to the control of the amount of reducing agent and the reaction process to avoid excessive reduction or other by-products.

All synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the availability of raw materials, cost, product purity requirements and other factors to select the appropriate method.

What are the precautions in storage and transportation of 4-Fluorobenzenethiol?

4-Fluorothiophenol is an organic compound. During storage and transportation, many matters need to be taken into account.

First words storage, this substance has a certain volatility and irritation, and should be stored in a cool and ventilated warehouse. The warehouse temperature should not be too high, and the high temperature of the cover can easily cause its volatilization to intensify, and may cause chemical reactions, which will affect its stability. In addition, it needs to be kept away from fires and heat sources. Because it is flammable, there is a risk of explosion in case of open flames and hot topics. It should be stored separately from oxidants and acids, and must not be mixed to prevent violent chemical reactions. The storage place should have suitable materials to contain leaks for emergencies.

As for transportation, there are also many key points. Transportation vehicles must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and there must be no residue that reacts with 4-fluorothiophenol. During transportation, ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. Summer transportation should be carried out in the morning and evening to avoid high temperature periods. Due to high temperature, it is easy to volatilize and increase safety risks. During transportation, it should be protected from sun exposure, rain and high temperature. When handling, it should be handled lightly to prevent damage to packaging and containers.

Escort personnel also need to be familiar with the nature of 4-fluorothiophenol and emergency treatment methods, and always pay attention to the condition of the goods during transportation. In the event of an emergency such as a leak, effective measures should be taken immediately to evacuate the crowd, isolate the scene, and properly handle it according to its characteristics. In this way, the safety of storage and transportation can be guaranteed.