What are the main uses of 1-bromo-4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene?

What are the main uses of 1-mercury-4-arsenic-2,5-divinylbenzene? These four substances have their specific uses in the "Tiangong".

Mercury, which is water, is involved in the "Tiangong". Its use is important. In ancient times, mercury was an important substance in the extraction of sand. A series of extraction processes in Dansha can obtain mercury. Mercury was used in ancient times and in some special processes. For example, in ancient times, some compounds of mercury were used in the extraction of mercury, but their toxicity was also known. In terms of engineering, mercury can be used in gilding, with gold mercury on the surface of utensils, adding mercury to make mercury, gold adhering to utensils, so as to reduce the effect.

Arsenic, this element also has its use in the context of "Tiangong". Arsenic compounds such as arsenic are toxic, but in ancient smelting, arsenic can be used as an associated component of waste materials. In some stone extraction processes, the presence of arsenic affects the effect and the amount of waste. In addition, in terms of prevention and control, small amounts of arsenic-containing substances have been used for prevention and control. Use with caution due to high toxicity.

Divinylbenzene, such a wide range of polymer synthesis uses in the "OEM" of "Tiangong", but its chemical properties are not recommended, and it may play a certain role in some natural fat modification or original synthetic modification. In some manual tasks such as lacquer, ink making, etc., it may be used to improve some properties of materials, such as increasing the viscosity and viscosity of materials, etc., but the application of the product may be different and the concept of chemical synthesis has not been formed.

What are the physical properties of 1-bromo-4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene

"Tiangong Kaiwu" says: "Where mercury is, it is the liquid of Zhu. Its essence is light, and it soars every time it encounters fire. Cinnabar and silver vermilion are all its attached minerals." Mercury, commonly known as mercury, is a liquid metal at room temperature and pressure, with a silver-white metallic luster and good fluidity. Its density is high, about 13.6 times that of water, so it can sink in water. The melting point of mercury is extremely low, -38.87 ° C, and the boiling point is not high, 356.6 ° C. It is easy to evaporate into mercury vapor when heated, and this vapor is toxic.

Another cloud: "Where alum is, five kinds are born in stone. Its colors are different, and its functions are also different." Mercury-related alum is often involved in mercury alum. Mercury compounds have many special properties, such as mercury chloride, white crystalline powder, highly toxic, slightly soluble in water. Mercury sulfide, or cinnabar, is red and has a certain stability. It is often used as a pigment and medicinal.

Diethylmercury has special properties at room temperature. Because of its organic mercury structure, it has a certain volatility. Mercury atoms in diethylmercury are connected to vinyl groups, giving it a certain chemical activity. From the physical properties, it may be an oily liquid or a low-melting-point solid at room temperature, with a special odor. Its density is slightly lower than that of ordinary mercury compounds due to the presence of organic groups, but it is still greater than that of common organic solvents. Diethylmercury is insoluble in water, but soluble in some organic solvents, such as benzene and ether, because the organic part of its molecular structure is similar to that of organic solvents. In addition, diethylmercury has poor light and thermal stability, and is easily decomposed by light or heat, releasing mercury and other decomposition products. Caution should be used and stored.

What are the synthesis methods of 1-bromo-4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene

The synthesis method of 1-heptyl-4-ene-2,5-dialkynylbenzene in "Tiangong Kaiji" can be described from various chemical materials and reaction steps.

To synthesize this compound, one of the methods can be started from the starting material with suitable functional groups. Simple compounds containing alkenyl and alkynyl structures are selected as raw materials, such as alkenyl-bonded halogenated hydrocarbons and alkynyl-containing active reagents, which begin with a nucleophilic substitution reaction. In this reaction, the halogen atom of the halogenated hydrocarbon is quite active, and nucleophilic substitution can occur with the negative ions in the alkynyl reagent, so that the alkenyl group is initially connected to the alkynyl group. < Br >
Furthermore, or through the coupling reaction catalyzed by transition metals. For example, metal catalysts such as palladium and copper are used to promote the coupling of different fragments containing alkenyl groups and alkynyl groups. This process requires precise regulation of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pH, catalyst dosage, etc. If the temperature is too high, it will increase the side reaction, and if it is too low, the reaction rate will be delayed. Appropriate pH can maintain the activity of the catalyst and the stability of the substrate. The amount of catalyst is also critical. Too little catalyst is difficult to effectively catalyze, and too much will increase the cost and lead to other side reactions.

Or start from the reaction path of cyclic compound ring opening and rearrangement. First, the ring containing the required carbon skeleton is constructed, and then the ring is opened by specific reagents and conditions, and then the structure of 1-heptyl-4-ene-2,5-diynylbenzene is formed through rearrangement and other processes. This process requires a deep understanding of the stability of the ring, ring opening conditions and rearrangement mechanism.

Synthesis paths are diverse, and each method needs to carefully consider the reaction conditions, material ratio and side reaction avoidance in order to obtain this target compound in a high yield.

What are the precautions for storing and transporting 1-bromo-4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene?

Mercury, bromine, and diethyl ether must be stored and transported with caution.

Mercury is a liquid metal at room temperature, which is volatile. Its vapor is highly toxic, and it can harm the nervous, digestive, and immune systems when inhaled. When storing mercury, it must be sealed in a sturdy, non-porous container to prevent leakage and volatilization. And it should be placed in a cool, well-ventilated place, protected from heat and direct sunlight. Due to the increase in temperature, its volatilization rate will increase. When transporting mercury, the container must be fixed securely, shockproof and anti-collision, to prevent damage and leakage of mercury. If mercury is unfortunately leaked, emergency measures should be taken immediately, such as sprinkling sulfur powder to make it synthesize into mercury sulfide to reduce toxicity, and timely ventilation to dissipate gas, and personnel should leave the scene quickly.

Bromine is a dark reddish-brown fuming liquid, which is highly corrosive and toxic. Bromine storage requires a corrosion-resistant glass container, tightly sealed, and an appropriate amount of water can be added to suppress its volatilization. It should be stored in a cool, low temperature, ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources, and should not be stored in the same way as organic matter and reducing agent to prevent severe reactions. When transporting bromine, the packaging must be solid and tight, marked with corrosive products. Transport personnel should wear protective clothing and protective masks, handle it with care to avoid container collision damage.

Diethyl ether is a colorless, transparent, special odor liquid, flammable and volatile, and its vapor can be exploded when mixed with air. The storage of diethyl ether should be sealed in a brown glass bottle, placed in a cool, ventilated and low temperature place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources, and away from fire sources and strong oxidants. The storage temperature should be controlled below 26 ° C, and lightning protection and anti-static devices should be installed. When transporting diethyl ether, the vehicle needs to be equipped with corresponding fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. In summer, it should be transported in the morning and evening to prevent danger caused by high temperature. Avoid sudden braking and bumps during transportation to ensure the stability of the goods.

What are the effects of 1-bromo-4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene on the environment and human health?

Mercury, arsenic, and dioxins are harmful to human health
Mercury, arsenic, and dioxins are all harmful to human health, and their impact on human health is deep and huge.

Mercury is often involved in activities such as storage, manufacturing, and coal burning. When it enters the natural environment, methylmercury is chemically converted by microbial action, and this substance is particularly toxic. Methylmercury is introduced into the water, which makes food tired. If people eat contaminated water, mercury is stored in the environment, and it is related to mental health. Infants and fetuses are especially sensitive to mercury, and maternal mercury can cause fetal health, such as lack of intelligence, loss of health, etc. Mercury is also harmful to the body, drying its normal excretion function.

Arsenic, which is distributed in the ground, enters the environment due to local activities and human labor. Arsenic pollution in water is particularly harmful. Arsenic-containing water in the human period, skin diseases, such as skin pigmentation, keratinization, or even skin cancer. Arsenic and organs, leading to normal liver function, cardiovascular diseases, etc. And arsenic can cause gene outbursts, normal physiological functions of cells, and increase cancer.

Dioxin is not naturally generated, multi-source self-immolation waste, chemical production and metallurgy, etc. This substance is determined to degrade and retain in the environment. It is high lipid and easy to accumulate biological fat. Human food is imported into dioxins, which affects the secretion system, affects the balance of hormones, and causes reproductive and reproductive problems, such as fertility decline and fetal malformation. Dioxins also cause carcinogens, reduce the immune system, and reduce the ability of people to resist diseases.

In addition, mercury, arsenic, and dioxins are harmful to human health. The urgent need for human health is to add environmental pollution and control the emission of this pollutant, so as to protect people's health.