What are the chemical properties of this substance?

The chemical properties of this substance are quite complex. It is flammable, and under suitable conditions, it can burn when exposed to an open flame, and when it burns, it may have a violent state, releasing a lot of heat and light, just like the fire spirit dancing wantonly.

It is also oxidizing, and it can undergo oxidation reactions with a variety of substances to change the chemical state of other things. It seems to drive other things into the path of change, and it plays a role in guiding change.

It is also reducing. Under certain circumstances, it is willing to donate its own electrons, so that other things can get electrons and be reduced, and its own oxidation occurs, as if it is willing to sacrifice itself to achieve the transformation of other things. < Br >
Its solubility is also a characteristic. In some solvents, it can be uniformly dispersed or dissolved to form a uniform system; in other solvents, it is difficult to blend and shows a mutually exclusive state.

Stability is also a consideration. Under normal temperature and pressure, it may be able to maintain relatively stable structures and properties, and it is not easy to change. However, if environmental conditions change, such as temperature increase, pressure increase, or contact with special substances, it may cause the adjustment of its internal structure, which in turn leads to changes in chemical properties. And the reaction with acid and base also has unique features. When encountering acid or base, according to its own structure and characteristics, neutralization or different chemical reactions may occur, as if under different instructions, it exhibits different chemical behaviors.

What are the physical properties of this substance?

The physical properties of this substance are related to its shape, texture, color, odor, density, melting point, boiling point and other characteristics. The following is an ancient saying:

Everything has its own unique physical properties. Such as form, or solid state, firm and shaped, can be touched and held; or liquid state, soft and flowing, with shape; or gaseous state, erratic and invisible, pervading the four directions.

In terms of texture, or as hard as gold and stone, it can be hit hard without breaking; or as soft as cotton wool, it feels soft when touched. Colorful, red orange, yellow green, blue and purple, each showing its beauty, or bright and dazzling, or elegant and plain. The smell is also different, or fragrant, the smell is refreshing; or the smell is pungent, covering the nose and avoiding it.

Density is related to the weight and density of things. The heavy is heavy, and the light is floating. This is the state of things in water and other media. As for the melting point and boiling point, it is particularly important. The melting point is the temperature at which solid things are heated and turned into liquids; the boiling point is the temperature at which liquid things are heated and converted into gaseous states. When the melting point is reached, things begin to change from solid to liquid, and when they reach the boiling point, they liquefy into gas, and their properties are even more.

For example, gold, its color is brilliant, its texture is hard, and its density is quite large. It feels heavy when placed in the hand. The melting point is high, and it can only be melted by fire. After melting, it will be in a liquid state and can be cast and formed. Another example is water, which is liquid at room temperature, colorless and transparent, odorless and tasteless, and has a moderate density. Everyone knows that its melting point is zero degrees Celsius, boiling point is 100 degrees (measured by today's measures), low temperature freezes, high temperature turns gas, and its shape changes with temperature. This is its physical nature. Looking at the physical nature of all things, you can distinguish their similarities and differences, and use it in the world for the benefit of people.

What are the common uses of this substance?

This substance has many common uses, each with its own unique features.

In the journey of war, it is often the key material for weapons. Taking sharp blades as an example, it is necessary to choose this material with characteristics, and it has been tempered for thousands of times to cast a magic weapon that cuts iron like mud. Because of its tough texture, the blade can remain sharp for a long time, and can help soldiers overcome the enemy in the battle. Shields are also often made of this material. A strong shield can resist enemy arrows, knives and guns, and protect soldiers.

In agriculture, it is also indispensable. Farming tools such as hoes and plows rely on this material. Sturdy and durable farming tools can be used to cultivate the land deeply, improve farming efficiency, and lay the foundation for a bumper harvest.

In the field of construction, this material has a wide range of uses. Take beams as an example. Thick and solid material beams can support the structure of houses and ensure that houses are stable and will not fall down after wind and rain. Bridge construction also often uses this material as a key material to enable bridges to carry vehicles, horses and pedestrians, crossing rivers and natural moats.

Furthermore, in the field of decorative arts, this material has been carefully carved by skilled craftsmen and can be turned into exquisite ornaments and ornaments. Or for exquisite jade pendants, which are warm and lustrous and mean auspiciousness; or for sculptures with unique shapes, placed in courtyards and halls, adding a bit of elegance.

In life, there is no lack of its shadow. Common pots and pans, made of this substance, have good thermal conductivity and can make food evenly heated to cook delicious dishes.

All these are common uses of this substance and play a pivotal role in many aspects of the national economy and people's livelihood.

Under what conditions can the substance exist stably?

If a substance wants to exist stably, it needs to meet various conditions. Every thing has its own nature, and if it follows its nature, it will be safe, and if it goes against its nature, it will be dangerous.

Looking at nature, the existence of all things depends first on a suitable environment. Such as the genus of gold and stone, the texture is firm, and it can last for years in a dry and refreshing place without rot. If it is placed in a humid place and soaked in moisture, it will rust and damage its quality for a long time.

If it is the spirit of grass and trees, it needs to be nourished by water and soil, and the sun will shine on it, and the temperature and humidity will be appropriate. Soil is fertile and the roots are solid, and if the water is sufficient, the leaves will be lush, and if the light is suitable, the flowers will be prosperous. If the environment is obedient, the soil is barren and

Furthermore, the coexistence of things must also be avoided by them. Water and fire are incompatible, and when forced to coexist, there will be a wound. Among the five elements, gold and wood, wood and earth, earth and water, water and fire, and fire and gold are all controlled. Therefore, if you want to preserve something, you should observe its relationship with other things, avoid each other and seek mutual survival.

As for the essence of things, such as scrolls, scrolls, etc., it is better to hide in a secret room, to avoid dust and filth, and to prevent insects. The air in the room circulates, the temperature is constant, and the number of people can keep it for a long time.

And the stable existence of the husband is not only an external condition, but also its own texture is also important. Those with good materials may be able to persevere in spite of difficulties; those with poor texture will be easily damaged if there is a slight change.

In general, if you want to make a substance stable, you must choose a suitable environment, avoid things that are mutually exclusive, and its own material should be strong. In this way, things can survive for a long time.

What are the methods for preparing this substance?

There are many ways to refine this substance, and it varies from substance to substance. The following are some common methods that Jun describes.

One is the method of calcination. This is by calcining the raw materials at high temperature to make them chemically change to obtain the desired goods. In the past, when copper was smelted, copper-containing ores were often taken and placed in a furnace for calcination. When the ore was heated, impurities evaporated or transformed, and copper was gradually precipitated. As recorded in "Zhou Li · Kaogong Ji", the copper cast in the bell tripod was calcined and refined to remove its impurities and make the copper pure before it could be cast into exquisite utensils.

The second is the method of precipitation. In a solution, a chemical reaction is used to precipitate the required substances in solid form. For example, if you want to obtain pure silver, you often add appropriate reagents to a solution containing silver, so that silver ions react with it to form a silver precipitate. After filtration, washing, drying and other processes, silver can be obtained. This method was also commonly used in ancient alchemy. Warlocks used various herbs and minerals as medicine to precipitate metal ions in the solution. Although there are many imaginary ingredients, the basic principle of precipitation has been used.

Third, the method of distillation. If the substances are mixed and the boiling points of each component are different, they can be separated by distillation. In ancient wine-making, mostly grains were fermented to obtain mash, which was then distilled. The boiling point of alcohol in the wine was low, and it was vaporized first. After condensation, it turned into a liquid, which was a fine wine. This wine has a higher degree and a more mellow aroma than ordinary fermented wine. There is also a record of shochu distillation in "Tiangong Kaiwu", which shows that this method has been used for a long time.

Fourth, the method of grinding. Some substances need to be made into powder for backup, so the method of grinding is used. In ancient ink-making, pine smoke, oil fume, etc. are used as raw materials, and after repeated grinding, the particles are fine. Then add glue and other auxiliary materials to make ink ingots. In this way, fine ink is ground to achieve good results in writing and painting. < Br >
All of these are common methods for refining substances, each with its own uses, and must be selected according to the characteristics and uses of the substance.