Ammonium hydrogen difluoride what is the main use

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride (Ammonium hydrogen difluoride), also known as acid ammonium fluoride, has a wide range of main uses.

First, in the glass etching process, this is a key agent. Although this is not mentioned in "Tiangong Kaiwu", glass etching has existed since ancient times. Ammonium hydrogen fluoride can chemically react with silica, the main component of glass, to form soluble fluorosilicate on the glass surface, so as to achieve the purpose of etching glass, into various exquisite patterns or characters, adding elegant beauty to the utensils.

Second, in the field of metal surface treatment, it is also indispensable. It can remove oxides and impurities on the metal surface, make the metal surface cleaner, enhance the adhesion between the metal and the coating or coating, and make the metal products look better and have enhanced durability, just like today's utensils are decorated with strong and beautiful coatings.

Third, in chemical synthesis, it is often used as a fluorinating agent. Participates in the synthesis of many organic compounds and introduces fluorine atoms. Due to the special properties of fluorine atoms, it can change the physical and chemical properties of compounds, such as improving the stability and biological activity of compounds, etc., laying the foundation for the creation of new chemical products, just like creating new substances in the "universe" of chemistry.

Fourth, it is also effective in wood preservative. It can penetrate into the interior of wood, inhibit the erosion of microorganisms and insects, and prolong the service life of wood, just like building a protective barrier for wood to ensure its long-term sturdiness.

In short, ammonium hydrogen fluoride is widely used and plays an important role in many fields.

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride physical and chemical properties

Ammonium hydrodifluoride, its chemical properties are quite unique. This substance is mostly white crystalline at room temperature, resembling fine salt grains, with a fine texture. Its melting point is not high, about 125.6 ° C, and it is easy to melt into a liquid state when heated, just like ice and snow melting when warm.

In addition, its solubility is quite characteristic. It is soluble in water, and when dissolved, it is like salt merging into a clear spring, which can blend with water to form a uniform solution. Because it can dissociate ions in water, its aqueous solution has a certain conductivity, like an invisible conductive bridge.

Ammonium hydrodifluoride also has a certain acidity, which can neutralize and react with alkali substances, just like yin and yang, to achieve balance. When exposed to strong alkali, the two interact to generate corresponding salts and water, which is a common way to neutralize acid and alkali.

However, this substance also needs to be treated with caution. It is corrosive to a certain extent and comes into contact with the skin and mucous membranes. It is like a sharp object that can cause damage. When operating, proper protection must be taken to prevent inadvertent injury.

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride needs to pay attention to when storing and transporting

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride (Ammonium hydrogen difluoride) is active and requires careful attention during storage and transportation.

The first word for storage is that because it is corrosive, it should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Do not share a room with acids, alkalis and oxidants to prevent violent chemical reactions. Containers should be made of corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics or specific metal alloys. Seals must be tight to avoid moisture intrusion and deterioration. Warehouse temperature should also be controlled and should not be too high to prevent decomposition.

As for transportation, it must be acted in accordance with relevant regulations on the transportation of hazardous chemicals. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with complete protective and emergency treatment equipment. During loading and unloading, operators must wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles, and handle light, so as not to damage the container. During transportation, avoid vehicle bumps and vibrations that are too violent, and stay away from fire and heat sources. If a leak unfortunately occurs, the surrounding personnel should be evacuated quickly to isolate the leakage area. Emergency responders need professional protective equipment, and use appropriate materials to absorb or collect the leak, and properly handle it to prevent pollution of the environment and harm to the human body.

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride production methods

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride (Ammonium hydrogen difluoride), also known as acid ammonium fluoride, has been prepared by several methods throughout the ages.

One method is to use hydrofluoric acid and ammonia as raw materials. First put hydrofluoric acid in the corrosion-resistant vessel, and slowly pass ammonia. When the two meet, they will react. The chemical formula is as follows: $HF + NH_ {3}\ cdot H_ {2} O\ longrightarrow NH_ {4} F + H_ {2} O $, but if you want to obtain ammonium hydrogen fluoride, you need to precisely control the ratio of its materials and the reaction conditions. If the amount of hydrofluoric acid is slightly more, in the subsequent reaction, $NH_ {4} F $can interact with hydrofluoric acid again, $NH_ {4} F + HF\ longrightarrow NH_ {4} HF_ {2} $, then ammonium hydrogen fluoride is obtained. In this process, the temperature control is very important. If it is too high, hydrogen fluoride is easy to escape, and if it is too low, the reaction is slow.

The second method is to interact with ammonium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid. Take the ammonium fluoride solution and add hydrofluoric acid dropwise. Ammonium fluoride is originally a weak acid and a weak base salt. When it encounters hydrofluoric acid, the binding force of fluoride ions and hydrogen ions is stronger, and the recombination of ions occurs. During the reaction, the pH value, concentration and other factors of the solution all affect the purity and yield of the product. When carefully adjusted, the reaction can proceed smoothly in the direction of generating ammonium hydrogen fluoride.

There are also those who use ammonium fluorosilicate and ammonium sulfate as raw materials. First mix ammonium fluorosilicate with ammonium sulfate, add water to dissolve, and carry out a metathesis reaction at a specific temperature and pressure. The resulting precipitation can be obtained by separation, washing, drying and other processes. This process requires attention to the corrosion resistance of the equipment, because fluoride is highly corrosive in the reaction system. < Br >
The various methods for preparing ammonium hydrogen fluoride have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they need to be carefully selected according to actual needs, availability of raw materials, and cost considerations, etc., in order to achieve the best production effect.

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride impact on the environment and human body

The writing style of "Tiangong Kaiwu" is simple and elegant, and it describes things in literary language. I will answer your questions according to this style today.

Ammonium hydrogen difluoride, this substance is common in the chemical industry of this world. Its impact on the environment may have multiple effects. If it is scattered in the atmosphere or merged with various substances, it will cause changes in the composition of the air, which is unfavorable to the breathing of living beings. Falling on water and soil can cause soil quality to mutate or cause damage to the earth's strength. If this substance is contained in the water flow, the aquatic spirit will also be disturbed by it, and the ecological balance will be easily damaged.

As for the human body, contact with this substance, the harm is also obvious. Its nature may be corrosive, and it can cause skin ulceration and burning pain to be intolerable when it touches the skin. If you inadvertently inhale its dust or mist, there will be damage to all parts of the respiratory tract, which can cause cough, asthma, severe or damage to the lungs, and cause respiratory diseases that are difficult to heal for a long time. If you take it by mistake, the damage of corrosion will appear in the stomach and intestines, severe pain and vomiting, damage to the organs, and endanger your life.

Therefore, with ammonium hydrodifluoride, the world should be careful. When acting, strictly abide by regulations to prevent it from harming the environment and people, protect the safety of all things, and protect the health of the people.